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EMT Reference Sheet HDCT & Aortic Emergencies

🚩 Recognize Red Flags

  • Known diagnosis of VEDS, Marfan, or Loeys-Dietz Syndrome
  • Family history of sudden cardiac death or aortic rupture
  • Sudden, severe chest, back, or abdominal pain (especially described as "tearing" or "ripping")
  •  Hypotension, unequal pulses, or new neurologic symptoms
  • Physical signs: thin/translucent skin, visible veins, joint hypermobility, unusual bruising

🧠 Suspect Aortic Dissection When:

  • Patient is under 40 with no trauma but has tearing pain
  • Symptoms mimic stroke, GI bleed, or anxiety
  • Normal or low blood pressure despite severe distress
  • Patient mentions prior vascular surgery, aneurysm, or genetic condition

🚑 Immediate Action Steps


1. Notify the hospital: “Possible Aortic Emergency”
2. Request rapid transport and prioritize CTA with contrast
3. Minimize scene time – stabilize en route if safe
4. Monitor vitals, provide O2, and manage pain per protocol

📣 Advocate at the Hospital

  • Emphasize: Young patient + tearing pain + connective tissue disorder = time-sensitive emergency
  • Push for vascular consultation and imaging without delay
  • Repeat history and visible red flags to triage and staff

📘 Quick Resources


- The VEDS Movement: https://thevedsmovement.org
- Marfan Foundation: https://marfan.org
- Loeys-Dietz Syndrome Foundation: https://loeysdietz.org
- Chalkbird Inc. Training Materials: https://chalkbirdinc.org